BDPEMS is a joint doctoral program of the Humboldt University (Humboldt-Universit?t zu Berlin, HU), the Free University (Freie Universit?t Berlin, FU) and the Technical University (Technische Universit?t Berlin, TU). Berlin Social Science Center (Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin, WZB) and European School of Management and Technology (ESMT). It is aimed at outstanding students with a bachelor's degree or higher. The doctoral degree is awarded by the university of the student and supervisor according to the procedures of that university..