What is the shape of the air film formed in the Newton's ring experiment?

• (A) Plane
• (B) Cylindrical
• (C) Spherical
• (D) Wedge-shaped

Which Maxwell's equation represents Gauss's Law in Magnetostatics?

• (A) \(\nabla \cdot \mathbf{E} = \frac{\rho}{\varepsilon_0}\)
• (B) \(\nabla \cdot \mathbf{B} = 0\)
• (C) \(\nabla \times \mathbf{E} = -\frac{\partial \mathbf{B}}{\partial t}\)
• (D) \(\nabla \times \mathbf{B} = \mu_0 \mathbf{J}\)

Calculate the efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between the steam point (373 K) and ice point (273 K).

• (A) \(26.8%\)
• (B) \(36.8%\)
• (C) \(46.8%\)
• (D) \(56.8%\)

What is the Compton shift for a photon backscattered at 180 degrees?

• (A) \(\frac{h}{mc}\)
• (B) \(\frac{2h}{mc}\)
• (C) \(\frac{h}{2mc}\)
• (D) \(0\)

For a series LCR circuit, what is the formula for the phase angle between current and emf?

• (A) \(\tan \phi = \frac{X_L - X_C}{R}\)
• (B) \(\tan \phi = \frac{R}{X_L - X_C}\)
• (C) \(\sin \phi = \frac{X_L - X_C}{R}\)
• (D) \(\cos \phi = \frac{X_L - X_C}{R}\)

According to Wien's displacement law, how is the surface temperature of a star related to its maximum intensity wavelength?

• (A) \(\lambda_{\max} \propto T\)
• (B) \(\lambda_{\max} \propto \frac{1}{T}\)
• (C) \(\lambda_{\max} \propto T^2\)
• (D) \(\lambda_{\max} \propto \frac{1}{T^2}\)

Which thermodynamic process must occur "infinitesimally slowly" to remain reversible?

• (A) Isothermal process
• (B) Adiabatic process
• (C) Quasi-static process
• (D) Isochoric process

What is the relation between the polarizing angle and the refractive index in Brewster's Law?

• (A) \(\mu = \sin \theta_p\)
• (B) \(\mu = \cos \theta_p\)
• (C) \(\mu = \tan \theta_p\)
• (D) \(\mu = \cot \theta_p\)

How does the orbital period of a satellite change as its distance from the Earth's center increases?

• (A) \(T \propto r\)
• (B) \(T \propto r^2\)
• (C) \(T \propto r^{3/2}\)
• (D) \(T \propto \frac{1}{r}\)

In a P-N junction diode, which terminal is connected to the P-side during forward biasing?

• (A) Negative terminal
• (B) Positive terminal
• (C) Ground
• (D) Neutral terminal

What is the quality factor (\(Q\)) of an LCR circuit defined in terms of resonant frequency and bandwidth?

• (A) \(Q = \frac{Bandwidth}{f_0}\)
• (B) \(Q = \frac{f_0}{Bandwidth}\)
• (C) \(Q = f_0 \times Bandwidth\)
• (D) \(Q = \frac{1}{f_0 \times Bandwidth}\)

For a rolling solid sphere on an incline of \(30^\circ\), what is its acceleration \(a\) in terms of gravity \(g\)?

• (A) \(\frac{g}{2}\)
• (B) \(\frac{5g}{7}\)
• (C) \(\frac{5g}{7} \sin 30^\circ\)
• (D) \(\frac{2g}{7} \sin 30^\circ\)