Which allotrope of carbon is considered a one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure?

• (A) Graphene
• (B) Carbon Nanotube
• (C) Fullerene
• (D) Diamond

How does the band gap of a semiconducting chiral carbon nanotube change as its diameter increases?

• (A) The band gap increases
• (B) The band gap decreases
• (C) The band gap remains constant
• (D) The band gap becomes zero

What is the typical characteristic length scale range for nanomaterials?

• (A) 1–100 nm
• (B) 1–1000 nm
• (C) 100–1000 nm
• (D) 0.1–10 mm

In quantum mechanics, what is the degree of confinement for a Quantum Dot?

• (A) One-dimensional confinement
• (B) Two-dimensional confinement
• (C) Three-dimensional confinement
• (D) No confinement

What is the standard wavelength used in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) lithography?

• (A) 248 nm
• (B) 193 nm
• (C) 13.5 nm
• (D) 365 nm

Which device is a three-dimensional gate structure designed to reduce short-channel effects in nanoscale MOSFETs?

• (A) Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
• (B) FinFET
• (C) Diode
• (D) Capacitor

What happens to the optical absorption spectrum of a nanoparticle as its size is reduced?

• (A) It shifts toward longer wavelengths (red shift)
• (B) It shifts toward shorter wavelengths (blue shift)
• (C) It remains unchanged
• (D) It disappears completely

In a BJT, what is the primary consequence of the Early effect on the effective base width?

• (A) The base width increases
• (B) The base width decreases
• (C) The base width remains constant
• (D) The base width becomes zero

Which type of counter requires 5 flip-flops to implement a MOD-31 operation?

• (A) Synchronous counter
• (B) Asynchronous (Ripple) counter
• (C) Ring counter
• (D) Johnson counter

For an ideal op-amp, what is the output voltage if the feedback resistance is equal to the input resistance in an inverting configuration?

• (A) \(V_o = V_{in}\)
• (B) \(V_o = -V_{in}\)
• (C) \(V_o = 0\)
• (D) \(V_o = 2V_{in}\)

Which scientist is widely regarded as the Father of Nanotechnology?

• (A) Albert Einstein
• (B) Richard Feynman
• (C) Niels Bohr
• (D) James Clerk Maxwell

What is the word length of a standard 8085 microprocessor?

• (A) 4-bit
• (B) 8-bit
• (C) 16-bit
• (D) 32-bit

In optical fibers, does the core or the cladding have a higher refractive index?

• (A) Core
• (B) Cladding
• (C) Both are equal
• (D) It varies randomly

Which property refers to the inability to repeat recorded data when scanning from different directions?

• (A) Reproducibility
• (B) Hysteresis
• (C) Directional anisotropy
• (D) Noise interference

What are the primary components of a lipid raft in the context of bio-nanoelectronics?

• (A) DNA and RNA
• (B) Proteins and carbohydrates
• (C) Cholesterol and sphingolipids
• (D) Enzymes and nucleotides