Who is the author of the foundational text Vakyapadiya, which discusses the philosophy of grammar?

• (A) Panini
• (B) Bhartrhari
• (C) Patanjali
• (D) Katyayana

In Paninian grammar, what is the technical name (Samjna) given to the last letter of a word?

• (A) Upadha
• (B) Antya
• (C) Pratyaya
• (D) Dhatu

Which school of thought emphasizes Bhavana (efficient force) as the primary element in Sabdabodha?

• (A) Nyaya
• (B) Mimamsa
• (C) Vedanta
• (D) Samkhya

What is the total number of chapters (Adhyayas) in Panini's Ashtadhyayi?

• (A) 6
• (B) 7
• (C) 8
• (D) 10

According to the Nyaya school, what is the primary factor in verbal comprehension?

• (A) Bhavana
• (B) Tatparya
• (C) Sphota
• (D) Anumana

Which Sandhi rule applies to the formation of the word "Himalaya"?

• (A) Savarna Dirgha Sandhi
• (B) Guna Sandhi
• (C) Vrddhi Sandhi
• (D) Yan Sandhi

What does the term 'Sphota' represent in the context of Sanskrit linguistics?

• (A) The written form of language
• (B) The instantaneous revelation of meaning in language
• (C) The grammatical suffix of a word
• (D) The phonetic articulation of sounds

Which Samasa (compound) is characterized by the dominance of the second member (Uttarapadapradhana)?

• (A) Tatpurusha Samasa
• (B) Bahuvrihi Samasa
• (C) Dvandva Samasa
• (D) Avyayibhava Samasa

The Karaka theory defines which relation between a noun and a verb?

• (A) Phonetic relation
• (B) Semantic relation
• (C) Morphological relation
• (D) Orthographic relation

In the context of Sabda-shakti, what is the difference between Abhidha and Lakshana?

• (A) Abhidha gives literal meaning, Lakshana gives secondary or implied meaning
• (B) Abhidha gives grammatical meaning, Lakshana gives phonetic meaning
• (C) Abhidha gives metaphorical meaning, Lakshana gives literal meaning
• (D) Abhidha refers to sound, Lakshana refers to writing

Which text is known as the Vritti on the Ashtadhyayi written by Jayaditya and Vamana?

• (A) Mahabhashya
• (B) Kashika Vritti
• (C) Laghu Siddhanta Kaumudi
• (D) Paribhashendu Shekhara

What is the significance of Anubandhas in Paninian sutras?

• (A) They indicate grammatical operations but are omitted in the final word form
• (B) They represent vowels in pronunciation
• (C) They mark sentence endings
• (D) They indicate poetic meter

Which Pratyaya is used to form potential or "should" meanings in Sanskrit?

• (A) Ktva
• (B) Tumun
• (C) Tavya
• (D) Lyap

How many Ganas (classes of roots) are there in the Dhatupatha?

• (A) 8
• (B) 9
• (C) 10
• (D) 12

What is the role of Akanksha, Yogyata, and Sannidhi in sentence formation?

• (A) They define phonetic rules
• (B) They determine semantic compatibility and coherence of words in a sentence
• (C) They classify verb conjugations
• (D) They identify poetic meter