From the statements given below, choose the options that are true for a typical female gametophyte of a flowering plant.

(i) It is 8-nucleate and 7-celled at maturity.

(ii) It is free-nuclear during the development.

(iii) It is situated inside the integument but outside the nucellus.

(iv) It has an egg apparatus situated at the chalazal end.

• (A) (i) and (iv)
• (B) (ii) and (iii)
• (C) (i) and (ii)
• (D) (ii) and (iv)

A particular species of plant produces light, nonsticky pollen in large numbers and its stigmas are long and feathery. These modifications facilitate pollination by

• (A) insects
• (B) water
• (C) wind
• (D) animals

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about Parthenium (carrot grass)?

• (A) Parthenium came into India as a contaminant with imported wheat
• (B) It has become ubiquitous in occurrence
• (C) It causes pollen allergy
• (D) All of the above

Choose the incorrect statement from the following.

• (A) Long ribbon-like pollen grains are seen in some aquatic plants
• (B) In some insect species, the floral reward for pollination is the safe place to lay eggs in the flower
• (C) Insect robbers consume pollens or nectar without bringing about pollination
• (D) Majority of the flowering plants produce homosexual flowers

Refer to the given characteristics of some flowers:



I. Flowers are small. They are often packed in inflorescence.

II. Flowers are colourless, nectarless and odourless.

III. Well exposed stamens.

IV. Pollen grains produced in large number, light and non-sticky.

V. Flowers often have a single ovule in each ovary.

VI. Stigma large, often feathery.



The above features are the characteristics of

• (A) Self-pollination
• (B) Anemophily (pollination by wind)
• (C) Ornithophily (pollination by birds)
• (D) Entomophily (pollination by insects)

Read the following statements and choose the correct ones.



I. Non-essential floral organs in a flower are sepals and petals.

II. Stamens represent male gametophyte.

III. A dithecious anther consists of four microsporangia, two in each lobe.

IV. The anther wall has middle layer lying between endothecium and tapetum.

• (A) I and II
• (B) II and III
• (C) III and IV
• (D) I, II, III and IV

Which one of the following statement is correct?

• (A) Hard outer layer of pollen is called intine
• (B) Sporogenous tissue is haploid
• (C) Endothecium produces the microspores
• (D) Tapetum nourishes the developing pollen

Self-incompatibility is a device for



I. ensuring cross-pollination.

II. preventing self-fertilisation.

III. ensuring self-fertilisation.

IV. genetic control for self-fertilisation.



Choose the correct statements from those given above.

• (A) I, II and III
• (B) I, II, III and IV
• (C) I, III and IV
• (D) I, II and IV

Where was the World Summit on Sustainable Development held?

• (A) South Africa
• (B) USA
• (C) South Korea
• (D) UK

Choose the incorrect statement from the following.

• (A) In birds and mammals, internal fertilisation takes place
• (B) Colostrum contains antibodies
• (C) Polyspermy in mammals is prevented by the chemical changes on the egg surface
• (D) In the human female, implantation occurs almost seven days after fertilisation