CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027: Subject-wise PDF and Marking Scheme
Content Curator | Updated On - Oct 29, 2026
CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2027 is available for the 2026-27 academic session. The syllabus gives the chapters, unit-wise marks, practical or project work and prescribed books for each subject. Students appearing for the 2027 board exams should use the current subject PDF, not an older syllabus saved from a previous session.
The subject pattern is not the same across streams. Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Computer Science have a 70-mark theory paper and 30 marks for practical work. Mathematics, English Core, Accountancy, Business Studies, Economics, History and Political Science have an 80-mark theory paper and 20 marks for internal assessment, project or practical work.
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Highlights
- Applicable session: 2026-27
- Board exam year: 2027
- Classes covered: The Senior Secondary curriculum includes Classes 11 and 12; the Class 12 section applies to the board exam.
- Main subject groups: Languages, academic electives, skill subjects and subjects with internal assessment.
- Where to download: The CBSE Academic curriculum page has separate PDFs for every subject.
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Overview
The Class 12 syllabus is part of the Senior Secondary Curriculum for Classes 11 and 12. Each subject PDF separates the Class 11 and Class 12 course. The Class 12 part contains the topics that can be tested in the 2027 board examination, along with the marks given to theory, practical work, projects or internal assessment.
The syllabus and the exam pattern answer different questions. The syllabus tells students what to study. The Class 12 exam pattern explains how those topics appear in the question paper. Both are needed because a unit may carry more marks even when it has fewer chapters.
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Curriculum year | 2026-27 |
| Exam year | 2027 |
| Main details in each PDF | Units, topics, marks, practical or project work and prescribed books |
| Common total | 100 marks for most academic subjects |
How to Download CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 PDF
Open the 2026-27 curriculum page and go to “Secondary Curriculum: Part 2 (XI-XII)”. Choose the language, academic elective or skill subject and open its PDF. The Class 12 course appears separately inside the file.
The current PDF is important because the unit list, excluded content, project work or prescribed books can change between sessions. A question-paper chapter list from an older year is not a replacement for the current syllabus.
CBSE Class 12 Subjects 2027
CBSE does not put every student into one fixed Science, Commerce or Humanities combination. Schools offer subjects from the approved list, and students take the combination available to them. The curriculum includes languages such as English Core, English Elective, Hindi Core and Hindi Elective; academic electives such as Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Accountancy, History and Economics; and skill subjects.
| Common group | Subjects often included |
|---|---|
| Science | Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics or Biology, English and an optional subject |
| Commerce | Accountancy, Business Studies, Economics, English and Mathematics or another optional subject |
| Humanities | History, Political Science, Geography, Economics, Psychology, Sociology, English and other electives |
CBSE Class 12 Science Syllabus 2027
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2027
The Physics syllabus has nine units for a 70-mark theory paper. Electrostatics and Current Electricity carry 16 marks together. Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism with Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents carry 17 marks. Electromagnetic Waves and Optics form the largest group at 18 marks. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter with Atoms and Nuclei carry 12 marks, while Electronic Devices carries 7 marks. The practical examination carries 30 marks.
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2027
The Chemistry syllabus has ten theory units. Electrochemistry has the highest unit weightage at 9 marks. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids carry 8 marks. Solutions, Chemical Kinetics, the d- and f-Block Elements, Coordination Compounds and Biomolecules carry 7 marks each. The remaining organic chemistry units carry 6 marks each. Theory is worth 70 marks and practical work is worth 30 marks.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2027
The Biology syllabus is divided into five units. Genetics and Evolution carry 20 marks, the highest share. Reproduction carries 16 marks. Biology and Human Welfare and Biotechnology and its Applications carry 12 marks each, while Ecology and Environment carries 10 marks. The practical part carries 30 marks.
CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2027
The Mathematics syllabus has six units for 80 theory marks. Calculus alone carries 35 marks. Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry carry 14 marks, Algebra carries 10 marks, Relations and Functions and Probability carry 8 marks each, and Linear Programming carries 5 marks. Internal assessment adds 20 marks.
Marks shown are for the 80-mark Class 12 theory syllabus.
CBSE Class 12 Commerce Syllabus 2027
CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus 2027
The Accountancy syllabus gives 60 marks to Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies. Partnership Firms carry 36 marks and Companies carry 24 marks. Part B gives a choice between Financial Statement Analysis and Computerised Accounting. Under Financial Statement Analysis, Analysis of Financial Statements carries 12 marks and Cash Flow Statement carries 8 marks. Project work or practical work carries 20 marks.
CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Syllabus 2027
The Business Studies syllabus has two theory parts. Principles and Functions of Management carry 50 marks. Business Finance and Marketing carry 30 marks. The 20-mark project is separate from the 80-mark theory paper.
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2027
Economics divides the theory paper equally between Introductory Macroeconomics and Indian Economic Development. Each part carries 40 marks. Macroeconomics covers national income, money and banking, determination of income and employment, government budget and the balance of payments. Indian Economic Development covers development experience, economic reforms, current challenges and a comparison with neighbouring countries. Project work carries 20 marks.
CBSE Class 12 Humanities Syllabus 2027
CBSE Class 12 History Syllabus 2027
The History syllabus is organised into three parts of 25 marks each. The themes move from early societies and states to medieval cultures, colonial rule, the national movement and the framing of the Constitution. Map work carries 5 marks. Project work carries the remaining 20 marks.
CBSE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2027
The Political Science syllabus has two 40-mark books: Contemporary World Politics and Politics in India Since Independence. The first covers the post-Cold War world, centres of power, international organisations, security, environment and globalisation. The second covers nation-building, planned development, India's external relations, political changes and recent developments. Project work carries 20 marks.
Other common Humanities electives include Geography, Psychology, Sociology, Economics, Legal Studies and Home Science. Their theory-practical split is not identical, so the PDF for the selected subject should be checked separately.
CBSE Class 12 English and Computer Science Syllabus 2027
CBSE Class 12 English Core Syllabus 2027
The English Core syllabus gives 22 marks to Reading Skills, 18 marks to Creative Writing Skills and 40 marks to Literature. The internal assessment includes 5 marks for listening, 5 marks for speaking and 10 marks for project work. The literature part uses Flamingo and Vistas.
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus 2027
The Computer Science syllabus gives 40 marks to Computational Thinking and Programming, 10 marks to Computer Networks and 20 marks to Database Management. The course uses Python and SQL. The practical component carries 30 marks and includes programming, database work, a report file, project work and viva.
CBSE Class 12 Subject-wise Marks Distribution 2027
Most major subjects carry 100 marks in total. The split between the written paper and school-based work depends on the subject.
| Subject | Theory | Practical, project or internal | Main theory split |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physics | 70 | 30 | Five grouped unit totals: 16, 17, 18, 12 and 7 |
| Chemistry | 70 | 30 | Ten units carrying 6 to 9 marks each |
| Biology | 70 | 30 | Five units; Genetics and Evolution carry 20 marks |
| Mathematics | 80 | 20 | Six units; Calculus carries 35 marks |
| English Core | 80 | 20 | Reading 22, Writing 18, Literature 40 |
| Accountancy | 80 | 20 | Partnership 36, Companies 24, Part B 20 |
| Business Studies | 80 | 20 | Management 50, Finance and Marketing 30 |
| Economics | 80 | 20 | Macroeconomics 40, Indian Economic Development 40 |
| History | 80 | 20 | Three theme parts of 25 marks and map work of 5 marks |
| Political Science | 80 | 20 | Two books of 40 marks each |
| Computer Science | 70 | 30 | Programming 40, Networks 10, Database 20 |
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus and Sample Paper
The syllabus gives the course content and marks assigned to units. The sample paper gives the number and type of questions. For example, the Mathematics syllabus shows 35 marks for Calculus, while the sample paper shows how MCQs, short answers, long answers and case-study questions are arranged across the paper.
The Class 12 question papers show how the syllabus appeared in earlier board exams. Past papers are useful for seeing the question style, but an older paper cannot confirm whether a topic remains in the current syllabus.
CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 FAQs
Which syllabus applies to the CBSE Class 12 board exam in 2027? +
The 2026-27 Senior Secondary curriculum applies to students appearing for the 2027 board exam.
Is the CBSE Class 12 syllabus reduced by 30% for 2027? +
CBSE has not announced a general 30% reduction for the 2026-27 Class 12 curriculum. The current subject PDF should be followed because it shows the included topics and any subject-specific exclusions.
Are all CBSE Class 12 subjects out of 100 marks? +
Most major academic subjects carry 100 marks in total. The split may be 70+30 or 80+20. Students should check the exact subject PDF because some subjects use a different assessment structure.
Which unit has the highest weightage in CBSE Class 12 Mathematics? +
Calculus carries 35 of the 80 theory marks. It is followed by Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry with 14 marks.
Does the syllabus PDF include practical and project work? +
Yes. Subjects with practical, project or internal assessment include the marks and required components in their curriculum PDF.
Is the CBSE syllabus the same as the sample paper? +
No. The syllabus gives the topics and unit marks. The sample paper shows the question types, sections, choices and paper structure.
Where can students download the official CBSE Class 12 syllabus? +
The CBSE Academic website has the 2026-27 curriculum page. Open Secondary Curriculum Part 2 and select the required subject PDF.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, please refer the official website of the exam.