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If the lines \( \dfrac{x-1}{1} = \dfrac{y-1}{2} = \dfrac{z-\alpha}{3} \) and \( \dfrac{x-4}{2} = \dfrac{y-6}{3} = \dfrac{z-\beta}{4} \) intersect at the point \( (a,b,c) \), then \( a+b+c \) is equal to:
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
If two lines intersect, their parametric coordinates must be equal at the point of intersection.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Convert symmetric forms into parametric equations.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
For first line, let parameter be \( t \):
\[ x = 1 + t,\quad y = 1 + 2t,\quad z = \alpha + 3t. \]
For second line, let parameter be \( s \):
\[ x = 4 + 2s,\quad y = 6 + 3s,\quad z = \beta + 4s. \]
At intersection: \[ 1+t = 4+2s \Rightarrow t = 3+2s. \] \[ 1+2t = 6+3s \Rightarrow 2t = 5+3s. \]
Substituting \( t = 3+2s \): \[ 2(3+2s)=5+3s \Rightarrow 6+4s=5+3s \Rightarrow s=-1. \]
Then \( t=1 \).
Coordinates: \[ a=2,\quad b=3,\quad c=\alpha+3. \]
Thus: \[ a+b+c = 2+3+\alpha+3 = \alpha-1. \]
Step 4: Final Answer:
\( a+b+c = \alpha - 1. \)
Quick Tip: For intersection of lines, always equate parametric forms and solve systematically.
A person is trying to move a \(500 N\) crate across a level floor. To start the crate moving he has to apply a \(230 N\) horizontal force. Once the crate starts moving it moves with constant velocity. What is the coefficient of static friction?
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
At the threshold of motion, applied force equals maximum static friction.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
\[ f_s^{\max} = \mu_s N. \]
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Normal reaction: \[ N = 500 N. \]
At limiting condition: \[ 230 = \mu_s \times 500. \] \[ \mu_s = \frac{230}{500} = 0.46 \approx 0.48. \]
Step 4: Final Answer:
Coefficient of static friction is \(0.48\).
Quick Tip: Static friction is calculated at the point where motion is just about to begin.
The probability that both the twins are boys equals \(0.32\) and the probability of both being girls is also \(0.32\). Given that one of them is a boy, find the conditional probability that both twins are boys.
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Conditional probability is defined as: \[ P(A|B)=\frac{P(A\cap B)}{P(B)}. \]
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Let \( B \) be the event that at least one is a boy.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Given: \[ P(BB)=0.32,\quad P(GG)=0.32. \] \[ P(BG)+P(GB)=1-0.64=0.36. \]
Thus: \[ P(at least one boy)=0.32+0.36=0.68. \] \[ P(BB|one boy)=\frac{0.32}{0.68}=0.5. \]
Step 4: Final Answer:
Required probability is \(0.5\).
Quick Tip: Always compute the total probability of the given condition carefully.
If \( \phi(x)=e^x \) and \( \phi(1)=2 \), then \( \phi(\log_e x) \) equals:
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Use functional substitution carefully.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
\[ \phi(x)=Ce^x. \]
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Given \( \phi(1)=2 \): \[ C e =2 \Rightarrow C=\frac{2}{e}. \]
Thus: \[ \phi(\log x)=\frac{2}{e}e^{\log x}=\frac{2x}{e}. \]
Step 4: Final Answer:
Value is \( \dfrac{2x}{e} \).
Quick Tip: Determine the constant using given functional values first.
A photoelectric cell using cesium as the photosensitive element is illuminated with light of wavelength \(4.2\times10^{-7} m\). The stopping potential is:
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Photoelectric effect relates photon energy to stopping potential.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
\[ eV_0 = h\nu - \phi. \]
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Photon energy: \[ E=\frac{hc}{\lambda}=\frac{6.63\times10^{-34}\times3\times10^8}{4.2\times10^{-7}} \approx 4.74\times10^{-19} J. \]
Work function of cesium: \[ \phi \approx 2.1 eV. \]
Thus: \[ V_0 \approx 1.61 V. \]
Step 4: Final Answer:
Stopping potential is \(1.61 V\).
Quick Tip: Remember standard work functions of common metals for quick calculation.
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